• 激光切割机在农机行业的作用
  • 本站编辑:杭州创莘金属制品有限公司发布日期:2020-01-06 20:34 浏览次数:

一、 农机行业的快速发展对现代加工技术的迫切需求

      首先由于耕地面积的恢复和土地复种率的提高,“三农”对农业机械的需求将呈现出刚性增长趋势,近几年都以8%的速度逐年递增。 

      此外,粮食作物耕、种、收都需要农机产品,产品需求逐渐细分,伴随着农机的产品类型趋于多样化专业化。其中大中型拖拉机、高性能的收获类机械、大中型播种机需求进一步增加,典型的机械设备如大中马力拖拉机、中大型小麦联合收获机、玉米联合收获机、小麦玉米免耕播种机等;新型的如油料作物生产所需的农机得到了较快发展,如油菜收获机、播种机、花生收获机等,另外农业落后的发展中国家垦荒也将增加对履拖及变型产品的需求。   

      随着农机产品的不断升级与新产品开发,对新型加工方式提出了新的需求,如CAD/CAM、 激光加工技术、数控与自动化技术等,这些先进技术的应用,将加快我国农机现代化的进程。

 

二、 激光切割的主要优势及在农机生产中的应用

      农机产品的板金加工件一般采用4-6mm钢板,板金件种类多,并且更新快,传统的农机产品板金加工件通常采用冲床方式,模具损耗大,通常一个大型的农机生产厂家用于模具存放的库房就近300平米,由此可见,部件的加工如果仍然停留在传统的方式,将严重制约产品的快速更新换代与技术开发,而激光的柔性加工优势就体现出来了。

      激光加工能借助现代的CAD/CAM软件,实现任何形状的板材切割,采用激光加工,不仅加工速度快,效率高,成本低,而且避免了模具或刀具更换,缩短了生产准备时间周期。易于实现连续加工,激光光束换位时间短,提高了生产效率。可进行多种工件交替安装。一个工件加工时,可卸下已完成的部件,并安装待加工工件,实现并行加工,减少安装时间,增加激光加工时间。

      激光切割的特点是:切缝窄、变形小、精度高、速度快、效率高。首先激光光能转换成惊人的热能保持在极小的区域内,所以激光切割可提供:狭的直边割缝;最小的邻近切边的热影响区;极小的局部变形。激光束对工件不旋加任何力,它是无接触切割工具,这就意味着工件无机械变形;无刀具磨损,也谈不上刀具的替换问题;切割材料无需考虑它的硬度,也即激光切割能力不受被切材料硬度影响,任何硬度的材料都可切割。激光束可控性强,并有高的适应性和柔性,因而与自动化装备相结合很方便,容易实现切割过程自动化;由于不存在对切割工件的限制,激光束具有无限的仿形切割能力。

      激光切割以其高速度、高精度、高质量、节能环保等特点,已经成为现代金属加工的技术发展方向。在激光加工应用中,激光切割占到了32%的市场份额。激光切割与其他切割方法相比,比较大区别是它具有高速、高精度和高适应性的特点。同时还具有割缝细、热影响区小、切割面质量好、切割时无噪声、切缝边缘垂直度好、切边光滑、切割过程容易实现自动化控制等优点。激光切割板材时,不需要模具,可以替代一些需要采用复杂大型模具的冲切加工方法,能大大缩短生产周期和降低成本。

 

三、 结论

      农机行业的快速发展,产品加速更新换代,更需要激光此类先进的加工手段以缩短产品开发周期,提高产品生产效率,尤其对新开发产品中的复杂零件激光切割更具优势,激光加工在农机生产中将逐渐成为必不可少的加工手段,成为提升农机产品装备制造业现代化程度的新兴增长点,成为改造传统农机制造的重要技术支撑,相信激光加工的广泛应用一定可以推动农机行业的快速发展,用新型的技术手段为农机生产企业创造共赢。

First of all, due to the recovery of cultivated land area and the improvement of land reseeding rate, the demand of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" for agricultural machinery will show a rigid growth trend, has Been Increasing at an annual rate of 8% in recent years. In addition, agricultural machinery products are needed for the cultivation, planting and harvesting of grain crops, and the demand for these products is gradually subdivided, with the diversification and specialization of the types of agricultural machinery products. Among them, the demand for large and medium-sized tractors, high-performance harvesters and large and medium-sized seeders has further increased, typical machinery and equipment such as large and medium horsepower tractors, medium and large wheat combine harvesters, corn combine harvesters, wheat and corn no-till planter, etc. , such as Rape Harvester, planter, Peanut Harvester, and other agricultural backwardness of developing countries will also increase the demand for crawler and variant products. With the continuous upgrading of agricultural machinery products and the development of new products, there is a new demand for new processing methods, such as CAD / Cam , laser processing technology, numerical control and automation, and the application of these advanced technologies, will speed up the process of modernization of agricultural machinery in China. Second, the main advantages of laser cutting and its application in agricultural machinery production, the plate metal processing parts of agricultural machinery products generally adopt 4-6 mm steel plate, the plate metal parts have many kinds and are updated quickly, and the traditional plate metal processing parts of agricultural machinery products usually adopt the way of punch, die Loss is large, usually a large manufacturer of agricultural machinery used for mold storage warehouse close to 300 square meters, thus, the processing of parts if still stuck in the traditional way, will seriously restrict the rapid product replacement and technological development, and laser flexible processing advantage is reflected. With the help of modern CAD / CAM software, laser processing can realize the cutting of any shape of sheet metal. It not only has the advantages of high speed, high efficiency and low cost, but also avoids the change of die or cutter and shortens the period of production preparation time. It is easy to realize continuous machining, short transposition time of laser beam and high production efficiency. It can be installed alternately with many kinds of work pieces. When a workpiece is processed, the finished parts can be removed and the workpiece to be processed can be installed to achieve parallel processing, reducing installation time and increasing laser processing time. Laser cutting is characterized by narrow slit, small deformation, high precision, fast speed and high efficiency. First, the laser light energy is converted into amazing heat energy that remains in a very small area, so laser cutting can provide: narrow straight-edge slits; minimal heat-affected areas adjacent to the cutting edge; and minimal local deformation. The laser beam does not add any force to the workpiece, it is a non-contact cutting tool, which means no mechanical deformation of the workpiece, no tool wear, nor the replacement of tools, cutting materials without considering its hardness, that is, laser cutting ability is not affected by the hardness of the material being cut, any hardness of the material can be cut. Laser beam has strong controllability, high adaptability and flexibility, so it is convenient to combine with automatic equipment, and it is easy to realize automatic cutting process. Laser cutting with its high speed, high precision, high quality, energy-saving and environmental protection, has become the technical development direction of modern metal processing. In laser processing applications, laser cutting accounted for 32% of the market share. Laser cutting and other cutting methods, the biggest difference is that it has high-speed, high-precision and high adaptability. At the same time, it has the advantages of fine cutting seam, small heat-affected area, good quality of cutting surface, no noise when cutting, good perpendicularity of cutting seam edge, smooth cutting edge and easy automatic control of cutting process. Laser cutting plate, do not need a mold, can replace some need to use complex large-scale die punching processing methods, can greatly shorten the production cycle and reduce costs. Conclusion: With the rapid development of the agricultural machinery industry and the accelerated replacement of products, it is necessary to use advanced processing methods such as laser to shorten the development cycle of products and improve the production efficiency, in particular, laser cutting of complex parts in newly developed products is more advantageous, and laser processing will gradually become an indispensable processing method in the production of agricultural machinery, and become an emerging growth point to upgrade the modernization degree of the agricultural machinery equipment manufacturing industry, it is believed that the wide application of laser processing will promote the rapid development of agricultural machinery industry and create the most win-win situation for agricultural machinery enterprises with new technology.

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